How to find lead-zinc mines?
lead-zinc mines are extremely close in nature, especially in primary deposits, and often symbiotically. They have a common ore-forming source and very similar geochemical behavior, have a similar outer electronic structure, have a strong sulfur affinity, and form the same easily soluble complexes.
1. Iron cap and oxide ore Because lead-zinc ore often contains pyrite, siderite, iron dolomite, iron calcite, or sphalerite, they are easy to decompose to form deposits such as limonite under oxidation conditions. Usually, the iron cap is sampled and tested to know whether there are prospecting prospects for lead-zinc deposits in the area. If the content of lead and zinc in the iron cap and the oxide zone is high, it constitutes the lead-zinc oxide ore itself. There is a slight difference in the geochemical behavior of lead and zinc, which allows lead and zinc to be separated under oxidizing conditions. Lead oxides include white lead ore, black lead ore, massive black lead ore, lead iron alum, and lead alum. Because lead sulfate is generally insoluble, it is scattered and left in the oxidation zone. The migration distance is small, and it is relatively far from the primary ore body Near, sometimes it can be enriched into ore in the residual slope deposits; zinc oxides include smithsonite, hemimorphite, hydrozincite, willemite, etc., because zinc sulfate is easily soluble and can migrate a considerable distance, so Zinc oxide has a wider distribution range than lead oxide, and is easy to leached and enriched in ore. Therefore, zinc oxide ore is often more valuable than lead oxide ore.
Lead-zinc oxide ore can have different tones such as brown, khaki, charcoal black, white pink, light yellow-green, etc., in the block, earth, honeycomb, powder, crust, bean, grape, kidney shape, Slag-like output. For oxidized sandstone-type lead-zinc ore, sometimes it is difficult to identify with the naked eye. Dasen Mining’s experience is black sesame spots in the yellowish-brown sand (conglomerate).
2. Alteration-marked carbonate-type ore deposits are often related to silicified dolomite, and the gray-white dolomite rocks surrounded by flesh-red dolomite are often where industrial ore bodies are located. Sand (conglomerate) deposits often have the characteristics of multiple pores, particle support, as if they have been immersed in water, or have a “bird’s eye” structure or a “snow top” structure.
The surrounding rock alteration near the mine includes fragmentation, silicification, barite petrification, celestization, pyrite mineralization, iron carbonate, fluorite, etc. The bitumen and black bands are often also signs of finding lead-zinc deposits. . The alteration of hydrothermal deposits also includes skarnization, hornization, and pyrite sericification.
3. Geophysical and geochemical anomalies Generally, lead-zinc deposits have low-resistance and high-polarity geophysical anomalies, but massive sphalerite ore bodies have high-resistance characteristics. This should arouse great attention when interpreting geophysical anomalies.
4. The fracture zone of the fold axis, especially the thrust nappe structure belt or the large detachment structure belt, is often related to large to super large lead-zinc deposits.
5. Abnormalities of trace elements such as germanium, gallium, indium, silver, etc. These elemental anomalies can not only indicate the search for lead-zinc ore, but under certain conditions, they can form symbiotic or associated ore with lead-zinc mines, which greatly increases the value of ore per ton.
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