These photos were taken at an ore site in Bauchi, Nigeria. The site is owned by a miner who aims to extract ilmenite, monazite, tin, zircon, and other minerals from the raw ore. In the picture below, you can see the raw ore sand, which has a high ilmenite content. For such ore, a magnetic […]

Smelting is a critical step in the gold extraction process, especially for small-scale operations. This guide outlines a simplified smelting process suitable for a 10-ton container CIL (Carbon-in-Leach) plant, focusing on the key steps and materials required. 1. Roasting Activated Carbon Materials Needed 2 buckets or pots (drilled with 3mm holes) 2 blowers (with controlled […]

Particle Size Large Particles (>0.1mm): These particles tend to settle quickly, reducing their contact time with reagents. This can negatively impact flotation efficiency. Small Particles (<0.006mm): These particles can be easily carried over into the tailings, leading to lower mineral recovery. Slurry Characteristics Slurry Density: A moderate slurry density is generally optimal. Excessive thickness can […]

Monazite is a reddish-brown phosphate mineral rich in rare-earth elements. It is often found in small, isolated crystals and has a hardness of 5.0 to 5.5 on the Mohs scale. The mineral is relatively dense, with a density ranging from 4.6 to 5.7 g/cm³. Monazite is typically found mixed with other minerals such as tin, […]